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Description
Pohela Boishakh, widely recognized as the Bengali New Year, signifies the beginning of the Bengali calendar. In 2025, the occasion is celebrated on April 15, ushering in the year 1432. The festival is linked to Mesha Sankranti, an astronomical event marking the Sun’s transition into the Aries (Mesha) zodiac sign.
Know About Pohela Boishakh
Pohela Boishakh literally means the first day of the month Boishakh, the opening month of the Bengali calendar. It symbolizes new beginnings and is celebrated with prayers, traditional feasts, and cultural programs. People come together to enjoy music, dance, and community festivities, making it a day filled with cheer and renewal.
Where Is It Celebrated
The festival holds significant cultural value in West Bengal, and is also widely observed by Bengali communities in Assam, Tripura, and Bangladesh. In Assam, it coincides with Bihu, the Assamese New Year, giving it regional cultural overlap.
Historical Roots Of Celebration
The Bengali calendar is believed to have started during the reign of King Shashanka, around 594 CE. Bangladesh officially adopted April 14 as the fixed date for Pohela Boishakh in 1987, while in Indian states, the date may shift between April 14 and 15, depending on local customs and lunar calendar variations.
Evolution Of Bengali Calendar
Referred to as Bangabda, the Bengali calendar blends solar and lunar elements. It was further modified during Emperor Akbar’s time to align with agricultural cycles and tax collection needs. The calendar features 365 days, with month lengths differing based on the lunar and solar cycle adjustments.
Bangladesh’s Calendar Reform
In 1966, a reform committee headed by Muhammad Shahidullah suggested a standardized format for the Bengali calendar. These changes were officially implemented in 1987, creating a system where the first five months have 31 days and the remaining have 30 days. However, these reforms were not adopted in West Bengal, where the calendar continues to follow traditional Hindu calculations.
Cultural Importance Of Pohela Boishakh
More than a date change, Pohela Boishakh celebrates Bengali identity, heritage, and unity. It is a time for community connection, artistic expression, and festive cuisine. The streets come alive with colorful processions, fairs, and cultural showcases, reflecting the vibrant soul of Bengali traditions and values.
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