CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
India has taken a major step toward ecological research and biodiversity conservation with the development of its first real-time automated bat monitoring and detection system, known as BatEchoMon. The innovative technology was designed and developed by the Indian Institute for Human Settlements (IIHS), Bengaluru, under its School of Environment and Sustainability.
Know About BatEchoMon
BatEchoMon, short for Bat Echolocation Monitoring, is a pioneering tool designed to study bat activity and behaviour through automated acoustic monitoring. This system marks a significant shift in wildlife research, replacing time-consuming manual analysis with a fully autonomous data collection and classification process.
The system was co-developed by bat ecologist Kadambari Deshpande and engineer Vedant Barje, with guidance from renowned environmental scientist Jagdish Krishnaswamy. It forms part of the Long-Term Urban Ecological Observatory (LTUEO) initiative, which aims to monitor and understand biodiversity in rapidly urbanizing environments.
BatEchoMon Work
BatEchoMon operates by capturing ultrasonic sounds emitted by bats, which are typically beyond the range of human hearing. These echolocation calls help identify bat presence, species types, and their nocturnal activities. The device is equipped with several key components:
Modified AudioMoth Ultrasonic Microphone: Captures high-frequency bat calls.
Raspberry Pi Microprocessor: Processes the recorded data and performs initial analysis.
Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Algorithm: Accurately detects and distinguishes bat calls from background noise and other biological or urban sounds.
Solar-Powered Battery System: Ensures uninterrupted, sustainable operation.
Wi-Fi Module: Enables real-time data upload and remote access.
The device automatically activates at sunset, operating continuously throughout the night. It records, analyzes, and classifies bat calls based on peak frequency, duration, and structure.
Kind Of Data BatEchoMon Provide
BatEchoMon generates a wide range of data outputs valuable to ecologists and conservationists:
Spectrograms – Visual representations of echolocation calls over time.
Audio Recordings – High-resolution ultrasonic recordings of bat calls.
Statistical Reports – Time-stamped, species-specific data on bat activity frequency and behavioural trends.
This system significantly reduces the need for manual data collection and analysis, enabling faster and more accurate insights into bat populations, their ecological roles, and the impacts of urban development.
Bat Monitoring Important
Bats play a vital role in ecosystems from pollination and seed dispersal to controlling insect populations. However, urban expansion, habitat loss, and climate change pose significant threats to bat species. Monitoring them can serve as an early warning system for environmental changes and biodiversity health.
BatEchoMon is especially crucial in the context of urban biodiversity, where the pressures of development can rapidly alter ecosystems. By collecting consistent and scalable data, it supports long-term planning and informed conservation policies.
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