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Description
Three Kannada inscriptions dating back to the Kalyana Chalukya period have been discovered for the first time in Kankal village, located in the Pudur mandal of Vikarabad district. Here's some information about the Kalyana Chalukyas:
The Chalukya dynasty ruled the Deccan plateau from the 6th to the 12th centuries. This period is divided into three distinct but related branches: the Chalukyas of Badami, the Chalukyas of Kalyani (Western Chalukyas), and the Chalukyas of Vengi (Eastern Chalukyas).
Kalyana Chalukyas
A predominantly Kannadiga dynasty, the Kalyana Chalukyas derived their name from their capital, Kalyani, located in modern-day Bidar district in Karnataka.
Tailapa II founded this empire after the Western Chalukyas were under the control of the Rashtrakuta Empire. Tailapa II had governed Tardavadi in the Bijapur district of Karnataka.
The dynasty reached its peak during the reign of Vikramaditya VI (1076-1126 CE), and this period is regarded as the ‘Chalukya Vikrama era’ by many scholars.
Vikramaditya VI successfully expanded his kingdom and maintained control over various feudatories in the northern regions, including Kadamba Jayakesi II of Goa, Silhara Bhoja, and the Yadava King. He also defeated the Chola dynasty in several battles.
Decline
After Vikramaditya VI’s death, prolonged conflicts with the Chola dynasty weakened both empires, leading to internal rebellions among their subordinate rulers.
Following the death of Vikramaditya VI in 1126 CE, the Western Chalukya empire began to decline, and by the time of King Jagadhekamalla II, the empire was on the verge of collapse.
Administration, Art, And Architecture
The Western Chalukya administration was primarily hereditary, with power passing from father to son or brother in the absence of a male heir.
The kingdom was divided into regions ruled by feudatories, including the Hoysala and Kakatiya dynasties.
The Chalukyas maintained a formidable army, consisting of infantry, cavalry, and elephant units, and became powerful in the region.
Although the Chalukyas were predominantly Hindus, they were tolerant of Buddhism and Jainism as well.
They made significant contributions to Kannada and Telugu literature and minted punch-marked gold coins known as pagodas with Kannada inscriptions.
The Western Chalukyas played a crucial role in the development of Deccan architecture, with their distinctive ‘Gadag style.’ This style is represented in temples built in the region between the Tungabhadra and Krishna rivers in present-day Gadag district.
Some of the most notable examples of their architectural legacy include the Mallikarjuna temple in Bellary, the Siddeshvara temple in Haveri, and the Kallesvara temple in Davangere district.
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