CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
The Union Finance Minister recently unveiled a five-year mission aimed at enhancing the productivity and sustainability of cotton farming, with a specific focus on promoting Extra-Long Staple (ELS) cotton varieties.
About Extra-Long Staple Cotton
ELS cotton is regarded as the gold standard in the textile industry due to its superior quality. Most ELS cotton is derived from the Gossypium barbadense species, known as Egyptian or Pima cotton, and is renowned for its longer fiber lengths—typically 30 mm and above.
Origin And Distribution
ELS cotton originated in South America and is now cultivated in regions such as China, Egypt, Australia, and Peru. In India, it is predominantly grown in areas such as the rainfed regions of Atpadi taluka in Maharashtra's Sangli district, as well as around Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu. The combination of warm temperatures and fertile soil in these areas fosters the growth of long, uniform cotton fibers, leading to stronger and finer yarns. This quality makes ELS cotton easier to process, requiring less finishing.
Issues Of Extra-Long Staple Cotton In India
Lower Yields - ELS cotton typically produces lower per-acre yields compared to other varieties. While medium-staple cotton can yield between 10 and 12 quintals per acre, ELS cotton only yields 7 to 8 quintals per acre on average.
Marketing Challenges - Farmers cultivating ELS cotton often struggle to sell their harvests at premium prices, despite the cotton's high quality.
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