Description

The Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP) publishes the Global Peace Index (GPI) 2024, which evaluates 163 autonomous governments and territories. This research examines the trends, outcomes, and economic consequences of violence around the world, providing useful insights into the current condition of peace and the variables that shape it.

Key Findings: Overall Peacefulness

• Global Peace Deterioration- The average degree of global peacefulness fell by 0.56% in 2024. This is the fifth consecutive year of deteriorating peacefulness.

• Country Improvements and Deteriorations- Over the last year, 65 countries improved their peacefulness, while 97 countries deteriorated. This is the most countries to have declined in a single year since the index's introduction.

Regional Highlights

• Most Peaceful Countries- Iceland has been the most peaceful country since 2008, followed by Ireland, Austria, New Zealand, and Singapore.

• Yemen is now the least peaceful country, followed by Sudan, South Sudan, Afghanistan, and Ukraine.

Regional Performance

• Europe- It is the most tranquil region, despite a minor decline in peacefulness over the last year.

• Middle East and North Africa (MENA)- The region remains the least tranquil, with major crises in Yemen and Sudan contributing to its poor rating.

• North America- It experienced the greatest regional decline, led by rising violent crime and perceptions of criminality in both Canada and the United States.

Trends In Peacefulness

• Militarisation- The Militarisation domain experienced the most significant year-on-year decline. Military spending (percentage of GDP) grew in 86 nations, mirroring broader trends of growing militarization.

• Ongoing Conflict- The Ongoing Conflict domain has deteriorated dramatically as a result of the ongoing hostilities in Gaza and Ukraine. The number of conflicts involving at least one state has reached a new peak.

• Safety and Security- This area saw a minor improvement, owing to lower violent demonstrations, terrorism impact, and homicide rates in various locations.

Economic Effects Of Violence

• Global Cost- In 2023, the economic cost of violence on the global economy was $19.1 trillion, accounting for 13.5% of global GDP or $2,380 per person.

• Conflict Costs- The conflict in Ukraine has had a severe economic impact, with the country's economy expected to fall by 30% by 2022. The Syrian civil war has resulted in an 85% reduction in GDP since it began.

• Military and internal security expenditure account for more than 74% of the entire economic cost of violence, with military spending alone amounting to $8.4 trillion.

War In The 21st Century

• The nature of conflict is changing, with technical developments and geopolitical rivalries becoming more prominent. Non-state entities can now engage larger states using technologies such as drones.

• Conflicts are getting more internationalized, with 92 countries being involved in conflicts beyond their boundaries. This complicates negotiations and exacerbates tensions.

• Asymmetric Warfare- The rise of asymmetric warfare, such as drone attacks by non-state actors, has made conflicts more complex and difficult to resolve.

Positive Peace And Halo Approach

• Positive Peace- It defined as the attitudes, organizations, and structures that produce and maintain peaceful communities, is critical for forecasting and minimizing future conflicts.

• Halo Approach- IEP's Halo method offers a framework for examining social systems and developing resilience-building activities. This adaptable strategy aids in the development of successful policies for promoting positive peace.

Table Of Rankings

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