CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
According to the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), a new fast-breeding protocol will make it easier for scientists to develop higher-quality pigeon pea varieties more quickly.
About Pigeon Pea
It's also known as arhar and tur in India.
It is a significant legume crop and protein-rich food that is primarily consumed as dal in India.
It is a tropical crop grown primarily in India's semi-arid regions.
Climate Conditions
- Rain- It requires 600-650 mm of annual rainfall, as well as moist conditions for the first eight weeks and dry conditions during the flowering and pod development stages.
Temperature
It can be grown at temperatures ranging from 260C to 300C in the rainy season and 170C to 220C in the post-rainy season (November to March).
Soil
It can be grown in any type of soil, but sandy loam or loam soil is best suited for cultivation.
It is highly sensitive to low radiation during pod development, so flowering during the monsoon and in cloudy weather results in poor pod formation.
It is often intercropped with a variety of crops. In India, it was estimated that 80-90% of the pigeon pea crop was intercropped.
Pigeon pea diseases include wilt, Sterility mosaic disease, Phytophthora blight, Alternaria blight, and powdery mildew, among others.
Concern
The Pigeon pea's long growth cycle and sensitivity to day length have hampered breeding efforts, resulting in only about 250 varieties released globally over six decades.
Health Benefits
It has a low glycemic index and contains plenty of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B-6, folate, vitamin A, calcium, zinc, iron, magnesium, and phosphorus.
Major pigeon pea producing states include Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar, and Jharkhand.
New ICRISAT Protocols
The new convention promises to significantly reduce the time required to develop new Pigeon pea lines with desirable traits, allowing food to reach dryland communities faster.
The new protocol reduces breeding and control over factors such as photoperiod, temperature, humidity, and breeding cycle time to 2 to 4 years, whereas traditional Pigeon pea breeding can take up to 13 years.
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