CURRENT AFFAIRS
CURRENT AFFAIRS
Description
As of May 2023, an astounding 110 million individuals were forcibly displaced worldwide. Nearly half of this astonishing number were internally displaced, while the remaining 20% were refugees living in camps. The International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), an independent research organization, estimates these alarming findings.
Dangerous Long-Term Stays in Camps
The IIED report reveals a worrying trend: camps established as temporary solutions during crises often evolve into long-term homes for displaced people as conflicts persist. Unfortunately, these extended camp stays are characterized by a lack of long-term strategic planning and inadequate facilities.
Remote and Limited
Temporary camp accommodations are generally located in remote areas, subjecting refugees to restrictions on movement and employment. This sad reality highlights the need to reevaluate the effectiveness of these camps.
Comparison between Fields and Cities
In a pioneering effort, researchers conducted a large-scale assessment comparing the well-being and livelihoods of refugees and internally displaced people in camps and urban areas. The project, titled “Protracted Displacement in an Urban World,” focused on one camp and one town in each of the following countries: Ethiopia, Kenya, Jordan, and Afghanistan.
Debunking the Myths
The study focused on four “myths” that emerged during the project. These myths involved the assumption that people displaced to cities were self-sufficient and better educated, that camps served as refuges, and that camps could become self-sufficient settlements.
Urban Refugees and Humanitarian Aid
In Nairobi and Addis Ababa, the majority of refugee households, 76% and 88% respectively, do not receive humanitarian assistance. In Amman, however, 73% of refugees reported receiving assistance. It is worth noting that 20% of aid recipients depended on humanitarian aid as their main source of income.
Income Differences
Although more refugees and displaced people in all countries studied earned income working in urban areas than in camps, the percentages varied. In Kenya and Ethiopia, urban displaced people fare better than their counterparts living in camps. However, a large portion of the urban refugee population struggled to cover their expenses; in Kenya it was 33% and in Ethiopia it was 61%. In Jordan, urban refugees and those in camps have faced financial difficulties.
Disparities in Healthcare
Overall, 83% of respondents in cities and 69% in camps reported positive access to healthcare. However, women were more likely to face difficulties accessing healthcare. The study also revealed reports of inadequate services and assistance for women during and after giving birth in the camps.
A Request for Support
To address these challenges, humanitarian and development programs must collaborate with local and national governments. It is crucial that authorities receive incentives to remove barriers that prevent displaced people from living a dignified life in urban areas. This support is essential to improve the well-being and livelihoods of displaced people in camps and cities.
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